Dynamic Deceptive Functions

Used in: [FMRR08][PCR08][YWW+08]

Deceptive functions constitute a family of functions designed to trick search methods, since they attract the search towards deceptive attractors.

A deceptive function can be built using a trap function as follows:

where l is the length of a solution x, a is the local optimum, b is the global optimum, z is the slope-change location, and u(x) is the unitation function.

A deceptive dynamic function based on the former trap function replaces the unitation function for a bit-matching which changes upon time:

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